cancer incidence Articles
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Evaluation of the dose and of the risk of cancer induction associated with the use of transmission X–ray body scanners using the Monte Carlo MCNPX code
In recent years, X–ray body scanners have been introduced at airports, penitentiaries and other places with considerable movement of people in order to combat drug trafficking, the entry of illegal materials and terrorism. However, although the application of this equipment in the national security area is indeed relevant, its use has caused a great deal of controversy, especially with regard to ...
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Radiation-induced thyroid cancer: what we know and what we really understand
Results of the analysis of our own and literature data on the occurrence and development of radiation-induced thyroid cancer are presented. The analysis involved the distribution of the thyroid cancer incidence among 1 million children and 3 million adults, by age and sex, living in the radioactively contaminated territories of Russia; published data of the United Thyroid Cancer Registry of ...
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Radiation prevents much cancer
Evidence reviewed here supports the concept that chronic exposure to ionising radiation can dramatically decrease cancer incidence and mortality. This evidence includes an inverse relationship between radiation levels and cancer induction and/or mortality in: over 200 million people in the USA; 200 million people in India; 10,000 residents of Taipei who live in cobalt-60 contaminated homes; high ...
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Absence of evidence for threshold departures from linear-quadratic curvature in the Japanese A-bomb cancer incidence and mortality data
The recently released data on cancer incidence and mortality in the Japanese A-bomb survivors are analysed using a variety of relative risk models which take account of errors in estimates of dose to assess the dose-response at low doses. If a relative risk model with a threshold (the dose-response being assumed linear above the threshold) is fitted to the solid cancer incidence or mortality ...
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Cancer incidence in areas with elevated levels of natural radiation
It has been reported that on reaching a certain level of cell damage the production of repair enzymes is triggered which decreases the chromosome aberrations. If this happens, prolonged exposure to high levels of natural radiation in areas with elevated levels of background radiation could decrease the frequency of chromosome aberrations. Recent epidemiological studies indicated that there is an ...
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A database of cancer induction by low-dose radiation in mammals: overview and initial observations
The lifespan studies of animals exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation with a view to determining the relationships between radiation dose and cancer incidence have been identified and corresponding publications have been reviewed. The information on experimental conditions and cancer incidence data in exposed and control animals have been entered into a database intended for a global ...
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Dose and risk evaluation in thoracic radiology using male and female voxel phantoms
Thoracic radiology is of great concern because of its routine nature. It is important to avoid conditions where the amount of radiation used is more than that needed for the procedure. The purpose of this work is to use the Monte Carlo code MCNPX and the Female Adult voxel (FAX) and Male Adult voxel (MAX) phantoms to investigate how the effective doses, absorbed doses to organs and risk of cancer ...
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Risk analysis of thyroid cancer incidence after exposure in childhood in the most contaminated areas of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia in comparison with other studies
The current knowledge about thyroid cancer induction due to 131I exposures during childhood is limited. Due to the low incidences observed, it was assumed that 131I is less effective in cancer induction by a factor of 3, if compared to external exposures. An increase of the thyroid cancer incidence among children and adolescents from the south-eastern Belorussian, the northern Ukrainian, and the ...
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Water- and wastewater-related disease and infection risks: what is an appropriate value for the maximum tolerable additional burden of disease?
The maximum additional burden of water- and wastewater-related disease of 10_6 disability-adjusted life year (DALY) loss per person per year (pppy), used in the WHO Drinking-water Quality Guidelines and the WHO Guidelines for Wastewater Use in Agriculture, is based on US EPA's acceptance of a 70-year lifetime waterborne cancer risk of 10_5 per person, equivalent to an annual risk of 1.4×10_7 per ...
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Analysis of breast cancer in the Massachusetts TB fluoroscopy cohort and in the Japanese A-bomb survivors, taking account of dosimetric error and curvature in the A-bomb dose response: absence of evidence of reduction of risk following fractionated i
Breast cancer has occurred in excess among women exposed briefly to atomic bomb radiation and among those exposed repeatedly over many years to medical radiation for tuberculosis (TB). The breast cancer excess is strongly dependent on age at exposure, with risk highest among the young and small or non-existent when exposure occurs past the menopausal ages. The linear excess relative risk ...
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Derivation of low-dose extrapolation factors from analysis of curvature in the cancer incidence dose response in Japanese A-bomb survivors
The derivation of cancer risks after low-dose and low-dose-rate exposure to ionising radiation is critical to the setting of standards for radiological protection. In extrapolating cancer risks observed in groups exposed at a high dose-rate such as the Japanese A-bomb survivors, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommends application of a Dose and Dose-Rate ...
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The C-Myc Oncogene Is Associated with Aging, New Study Found
The Myc gene is one of the most important drivers of cancer in mice and humans. Myc also plays a newly discovered key role in aging, according to a new study in Cell Reports by researchers at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. The study, led by Edward V. Prochownik, MD, UPMC Children's Hematology/Oncology Division and Paul C. Gaffney ...
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The Role of Probiotics in Cancer Prevention Receives Increasing Attention
Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer deaths. A healthy diet and lifestyle are the key to preventing various diseases. In recent years, probiotics, as part of a healthy diet, have received increasing attention for their role in cancer prevention and treatment, including liver cancer. Do probiotics have the potential to prevent liver ...
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Lung cancer and mesothelioma in towns with environmental exposure to asbestos in Eastern Anatolia
Objective: Our previous study demonstrated the presence of environmental tremolite and chrysotile asbestos fiber exposure in Hekimhan town in Malatya located in eastern Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate whether environmental asbestos exposure increases the incidence of lung cancer and mesothelioma. Method: One hundred and forty-nine patients with mesothelioma and lung cancer living ...
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Food Sources and Effects of Carotenoids
Carotenoid structure and category The major carotenoids contain α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, etc. Among the three isomers of carotenoids, β-carotene has the highest content and γ-carotene the least. α, β, γ-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin can be decomposed to form vitamin A, while lutein, ...
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Health effects 20 years after the Chernobyl accident
The Chernobyl accident was the worst catastrophe involving radiation to humans. Since then, it has unfortunately been providing a main cause of radio-anxiety. WHO suggested 4000 people could have died or could die in the future of emergency workers and residents of most contaminated areas while Greenpeace insisted that there would be 93,080 people in the world. Though the incidence of thyroid ...
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The significance of thyroid cancer in reactor safety assessment
The risk of thyroid cancer from reactor accidents has long been a salient factor in the analysis of nuclear reactor safety. This risk arises largely from the abundance of iodine-131 in the fission product inventory. Iodine disperses widely if released into the atmosphere and could enter the human food-chain, particularly through consumption of contaminated cows' milk. Iodine entering the human ...
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Tracking disease clusters and environmental health
On March 29, the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works held a hearing entitled “Oversight Hearing on Disease Clusters and Environmental Health.” Committee Chairwoman Barbara Boxer, D-Calif., and Senator Mike Crapo, R-Idaho, ranking member of the Superfund, Toxics and Environmental Health Subcommittee, introduced the Strengthening Protections for Children and ...
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Inflammation in Periodontal Disease a Red Flag for Cancer
By not taking care of your teeth there is more on the line than tooth decay and periodontal disease – although that’s bad enough. Practicing good oral hygiene may be lifesaving according to a number of research studies.Studies show a connection between Gum disease and a 63% HIgher Pancreatic Cancer in Men The link between several systemic illnesses including diabetes, heart disease, ...
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Preventive cancer vaccine based on neoantigens gets put to the test
Studying the vaccine in dogs could provide insight into its effectiveness in people What if someone told you that a vaccine shot could prevent you from getting multiple types of cancer—ones as different from each other as breast cancer and lymphoma? Stephen A. Johnston, cofounder of the health-care start-up Calviri and a scientist at Arizona State University’s Biodesign Institute, ...
By Calviri
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