colon Articles
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Upregulation of annexin a1 expression by butyrate in human colon adenocarcinoma cells: role of p53, nf-y, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
Annexin A1 is a member of a phospholipid and calcium binding family of proteins; it is involved in anti-inflammation and in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Here, we show the existence of a functional binding site for the tumor suppressor p53 near the proximal CCAAT box and the fact that the basal expression of annexin A1 in human colon adenocarcinoma cells is ...
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Functional analysis of the polyketide synthase genes in the filamentous fungus gibberella zeae (anamorph fusarium graminearum)
Polyketides are a class of secondary metabolites that exhibit a vast diversity of form and function. In fungi, these compounds are produced by large, multidomain enzymes classified as type I polyketide synthases (PKSs). In this study we identified and functionally disrupted 15 PKS genes from the genome of the filamentous fungus Gibberella zeae. Five of these genes are responsible for producing ...
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Nanoparticulate systems for oral drug delivery to the colon
A review of oral drug delivery to the colon is a difficult but desirable method of administration. In order to target the colon the dosage form must overcome the barriers presented by the gastrointestinal tract including the steep pH gradient, binding to the mucus layer, premature clearance, and premature cellular uptake. Nanoparticles have been fabricated via a number of methods and designed ...
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Superiority of DiLumen over traditional (non-overtube) ESD for complex colorectal polypectomy.
A Randomized Prospective Study Evaluating Effectiveness of a Double Balloon Endolumenal Platform (DiLumen) for Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Key Take-aways Results: The study results showed that DiLumen: shortened ESD time by 47% decreased total procedure time by 37% achieved en bloc resection in 97% of device group (vs. 86% of control group) caused no ...
By Lumendi Ltd.
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Characterization of an escherichia coli o157:h7 o-antigen deletion mutant and effect of the deletion on bacterial persistence in the mouse intestine and colonization at the bovine terminal rectal mucosa
Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes hemorrhagic colitis and the life-threatening hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans and transiently colonizes healthy cattle at the terminal rectal mucosa. To investigate the role of the O antigen in persistence and colonization in the animal host, we generated an E. coli O157:H7 mutant defective in the synthesis of the lipopolysaccharide side chain (O antigen) by ...
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Colon Myoelectric Activity Measured After Open Abdominal Surgery with a Noninvasive Wireless Patch System Predicts Time to First Flatus
Abstract Background: Passage of flatus after abdominal surgery signals resolution of physiological postoperative ileus (POI) and often, particularly after complex open surgeries, serves as the trigger to initiate oral feeding. To date, there is no objective tool that can predict time to flatus allowing for timely feeding and optimizing recovery. In an open, prospective study, we examine ...
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The development of complete personalized treatment plans for colon cancer patients utilizing three gene prediction models.
Background Combination chemotherapy using fluorouracil, leucovorin with or without oxaliplatin (5-FU and FOLFOX) are standard treatment for locally advanced colon cancer. However, about half of the patients developed recurrence. The objective of this study was to use gene profiling to predict treatment efficacy for colon cancer patients (stages 1-3). We developed three prediction models: the ...
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Study of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil as a radioprotector for the thyroid gland
The objective of the paper was to study the application of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) as a radioprotector for the thyroid gland. Rat thyroid epithelial cells (FRTL-5) and human colon cancer cells (ARO81-1) were exposed to γ-irradiation with or without 1 mM PTU. Radiation response was analysed by clonogenic survival assay. Cyclic AMP levels were measured by Radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results ...
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Advancing patient care for Japan`s most common cancer - Case Study
Challenge Calculating the appropriate sample size for a first of its kind stage-II colon cancer trial As Chairman of the Department of Biostatistics, Professor Satoshi Teramukai leads a variety of investigator-initiated clinical trials at the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine. With over 35 years experience, hundreds of published papers and thousands of citations, Professor Satoshi ...
By Statsol
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Ssd1 is integral to host defense peptide resistance in candida albicans
Candida albicans is usually a harmless human commensal. Because inflammatory responses are not normally induced by colonization, antimicrobial peptides are likely integral to first-line host defense against invasive candidiasis. Thus, C. albicans must have mechanisms to tolerate or circumvent molecular effectors of innate immunity and thereby colonize human tissues. Prior studies demonstrated ...
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Ssd1 is integral to host defense peptide resistance in candida albicans
Candida albicans is usually a harmless human commensal. Because inflammatory responses are not normally induced by colonization, antimicrobial peptides are likely integral to first-line host defense against invasive candidiasis. Thus, C. albicans must have mechanisms to tolerate or circumvent molecular effectors of innate immunity and thereby colonize human tissues. Prior studies demonstrated ...
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Cyclin D1 Genetic Heterozygosity Regulates Colonic Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Tumor Number in ApcMin Mice
Constitutive ß-catenin/Tcf activity, the primary transforming events in colorectal carcinoma, occurs through induction of the Wnt pathway or APC gene mutations that cause familial adenomatous polyposis. Mice carrying Apc mutations in their germ line (ApcMin) develop intestinal adenomas. Here, the crossing of ApcMin with cyclin D1–/– mice reduced the intestinal tumor number in animals genetically ...
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Benthic, Drifting and Marginal Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in a Lowland River: Temporal and Spatial Variations and Size Structure
Aquatic macroinvertebrates living in anastomosing lowland rivers use different habitats and respond differently to the hydrological regime. In this paper, the structure and composition of benthic, drifting and marginal macroinvertebrate assemblages are analyzed in the lowland river Ctalamochita (Córdoba, Argentina). The assemblages were studied in an annual cycle; a comparison among the ...
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Mitochondrial evolution and phylogeography in the hydrozoan Obelia geniculata (Cnidaria)
The distribution and genetic structure of many marine invertebrates in the North Atlantic have been influenced by the Pleistocene glaciation, which caused local extinctions followed by recolonization in warmer periods. Mitochondrial DNA markers are typically used to reconstruct species histories. Here, two mitochondrial markers [16S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)] were used to study the ...
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Evaluation of Microbial Communities Colonizing Stone Ballasts at Diesel Depots
In this study, we evaluated the heterotrophic microbial communities colonising stone ballasts at diesel depots. The number of bacteria (both total culturable heterotrophic bacteria and hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria) was proportional to the level of hydrocarbon contamination. However, there was no significant difference in the level of total culturable heterotrophs (TCHs) and the hydrocarbon ...
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Efficacy of antimicrobial polymer coatings in an animal model of bacterial infection associated with foreign body implants
Abstract Objectives: To assess support discs, comprising polyethylene terephthalate (PET), coated with different polymer/levofloxacin combinations for antimicrobial activity in an animal model of infection, in order to explore the use of specific polymer coatings incorporating levofloxacin as a means of reducing device-related infections. Methods: Aliphatic polyester-polyurethanes ...
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Novel nanoplatform for oral delivery of anti–cancer biomacromolecules
Oral administration of bio–macromolecules is an uphill task and the challenges from varying pH and enzymatic activity are difficult to overcome. In this regard, nanotechnology promises the new hope and offers advantages such as controlled release, target specific delivery, combinatorial therapy and many more. In this study, we demonstrate the formulation of a novel alginate enclosed, chitosan ...
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Sources and Functions of Short-Chain Fatty Acids
When we talk about intestinal bacteria or dietary fiber, we often hear about "short-chain fatty acids". So what exactly are short-chain fatty acids? Based on the number of carbon atoms in the carbon chain, fatty acids with less than 6 carbon atoms are commonly referred to as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), those with 6 to 12 carbon atoms are called medium-chain fatty acids, and those with 12 or ...
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Regulation of abcg2 expression at the 3` untranslated region of its mrna through modulation of transcript stability and protein translation by a putative microrna in the s1 colon cancer cell line
ABCG2 is recognized as an important efflux transporter in clinical pharmacology and is potentially important in resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. To identify epigenetic mechanisms regulating ABCG2 mRNA expression at its 3' untranslated region (3'UTR), we performed 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends with the S1 parental colon cancer cell line and its drug-resistant ABCG2-overexpressing ...
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The Future Has Come, The Electric Adjustable Stand up Desk Has Become The Trend of The Times
Sedentary is harmful! The electric adjustable stand up desk turned out to be so important: According to the University of Regensburg in Germany, if you sit for 2 more hours a day, the risk of lung cancer will increase by 6%, the risk of colon cancer will increase by 8% and the risk of women with uterine cancer increases by 10%. According to the findings of the American Cancer Society, the ...
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