Inflammations And Allergic Reactions Articles & Analysis
63 articles found
ELANE, or neutrophil elastase (NE), is a serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and is encoded by the ELANE gene on chromosome 19. It plays a pivotal role in the host defense system by degrading bacterial proteins, remodeling extracellular matrices, and shaping inflammatory responses. However, the same proteolytic activity that protects against pathogens can, when ...
The Evolution of Orthopedic Implants with Nitinol Technology Orthopedic surgery has undergone remarkable advancements, particularly in spine, foot, and ankle procedures. Traditional rigid implants are being replaced by innovative materials that enhance patient outcomes—and Nitinol, a shape-memory alloy, is leading this transformation. At EdgeTech, we recognize the potential of Nitinol in ...
The main focus of drug carrier research today is to identify carriers that are both safe and effective for clinical treatment applications. As treatment strategies advance researchers regularly update drug delivery systems. Traditional drug delivery systems consist of liposomes and polymer micelles together with nanoparticles but despite their inclusion in clinical trials current versions still ...
Research in the field of pulmonary biology often requires detailed analysis of lung tissues. One of the optimal methods for studying lung structures and functions in mice is the use of C57 mouse models, specifically through the preparation of frozen sections. This technique is vital for a variety of applications, including histological studies, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis. Why ...
In the realm of biomedical research, the study of cytokines and chemokines plays a pivotal role in understanding the immune system and its responses to various stimuli. For researchers working with rat models, the Rat Cytokine and Chemokine Panel offers an invaluable set of tools to investigate these complex signaling molecules. In this article, we will explore what cytokines and chemokines are, ...
Skeletal muscle microvascular endothelial cells (SMECs) play an essential role in maintaining muscle function, metabolism, and overall health. These specialized cells line the blood vessels within skeletal muscles, forming a barrier that regulates the exchange of substances between the bloodstream and muscle tissue. Their significance extends beyond mere structural support; they actively ...
Elastase is a powerful enzyme that plays a critical role in various biological processes, both in physiological and pathological contexts. It belongs to the family of serine proteases, which are enzymes characterized by a unique serine residue in their active site. This enzyme is known for its ability to degrade elastin, a key protein that provides elasticity and resilience to tissues such as ...
T cells are the most numerous and functionally complex type of lymphocytes, mainly including CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T2 cells, which play an important role in cellular immunity and assist in humoral immune response. According to their functions in the immune response, T lymphocytes mainly include helper T cells (Th cells), regulatory T cells (Treg cells), effector T cells and cytotoxic T cells. ...
Structure of Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) Family In vertebrates, the MMP family consists of 28 members, at least 23 of which are expressed in human tissues, 14 of which are expressed in the vascular system. MMPs are usually classified into collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane-type (MT)-MMPs, and other MMPs based on their substrates and the organization of their ...
The Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1) protein has emerged as a pivotal player in the intricate web of immunological responses, particularly in the context of inflammatory diseases. Unraveling the mysteries of TREM1 entails delving into its structure, function, and implications in various pathological conditions, shedding light on its potential as a therapeutic target. ...
Asthma, affecting over 300 million individuals globally, remains a significant health concern with a high mortality rate. Despite advancements in treatment, many patients still struggle with symptom control and recurrent attacks. While inflammation has been the focal point of asthma research, a recent study sheds light on a mechanical aspect that could refine our understanding and treatment of ...
Cytokines are a broad class of tiny proteins that are essential for controlling inflammation and immunological responses. Numerous cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immunological cells, and epithelial cells, produce these signaling molecules. Serving as intermediaries, they synchronize various cell functions to elicit the body's defense mechanisms against infections, tissue ...
Bile acids are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol as a raw material. As a natural "emulsifier", they can promote the dissolution, digestion and absorption of fats, fat-soluble vitamins, etc. Meanwhile, as an important signaling molecule, bile acids can activate the relevant receptors to maintain the homeostasis of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism, and interact with gut bacteria to ...
What is CAR T-cell therapy? Car-t cell therapy involves genetically engineering T cells isolated from patients or allogeneic donors to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) that specifically recognize and kill tumor cells. As a "living" drug, CAR-T therapy is very different from traditional drugs. It is a new type of precision targeted therapy for the treatment of tumors. Compared with ...
The field of medical science has long utilized disease models, which are systems simulating the progression and expression of a disease, to better understand various illnesses. These models facilitate the study of disease pathology, identifying underlying mechanisms, and developing potential treatments. In the context of respiratory diseases, numerous models have been developed, with a prominent ...
What is CD73? CD73, also known as ecto-5′-nucleotidase, is a groundbreaking immunoinhibitory protein that assumes a pivotal role in tumor growth and metastasis. Its primary function revolves around converting extracellular ATP into immunosuppressive adenosine, working in tandem with CD39 within normal tissues to curtail excessive immune reactions. However, this mechanism is often hijacked ...
Relationship Between Immunity, Inflammation and Cancer Immunity is an act of self-protection of the body. The immune response is divided into specific and non-specific. The antigen and antibody responses are generally referred to as specific immune responses, which require the participation of B cells and T cells. Other immune cells such as macrophages and NK cells mediate non-specific immune ...
Classes of Cell-Penetrating Peptides There are many types of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), and their classification is based on physicochemical properties, sources, intake mechanisms, and biomedical applications. There is no unified conclusion yet. According to their physical and chemical properties, CPPs can be divided into three types: cationic, amphiphilic and hydrophobic, among which ...
The field of medical science has long utilized disease models, which are systems simulating the progression and expression of a disease, to better understand various illnesses. These models facilitate the study of disease pathology, identifying underlying mechanisms, and developing potential treatments. In the context of respiratory diseases, numerous models have been developed, with a prominent ...
Cytokines, small molecules with potent biological activity, are primarily synthesized by immune and non-immune cells (e.g., vascular endothelial cells, epidermal cells, fibroblasts) in response to stimulation. These signaling molecules form intricate networks that contribute to immune responses, inflammatory reactions, cell proliferation, and growth. Cytokine Dysregulation in Systemic Immune ...