malaria Articles
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A statistical model for assessing the relationship between meteorological variables and the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in a Peruvian endemic area
The objective of this study was to analyse, through a statistical model based on autoregressive procedures, the effect of the malaria incidence rate during the previous month and of meteorological variables (temperature, total precipitation and humidity) on the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in the observed month, in the main endemic areas Luciano Castillo and ...
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Impact of increased temperature on malaria transmission in Burundi
The focus in this paper is to assess whether the increase in (global) temperature would result in increase in malaria transmission in Burundi. The analysis carried out in this work exploits real data collected in Burundi, namely monthly rainfall, temperature and humidity data as well as monthly malaria morbidity data for the period 1996-2007. We propose a Bayesian Generalised Additive Model (GAM) ...
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Dietary diversity, nutrition status and morbidity of pre-school children in Matungu division, Western Kenya
This cross-sectional survey was to determine dietary diversity, nutrient intake, nutrition status and prevalence of childhood illnesses among pre-school children in Matungu division, Western Kenya. A total of 144 households were arrived at using multistage sampling, structured questionnaires with food frequency tables and 24-hour recalls were administered and anthropometric measurements taken. ...
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Developing Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccines for populations living in areas with stable parasite transmission
Individuals living in areas with stable transmission of Plasmodium falciparum parasites develop substantial protective immunity to the disease during childhood. Because of naturally acquired immunity, which appears mainly to target parasite-encoded Variable Surface Antigens (VSA) on the Infected Erythrocytes (IE), severe and life-threatening disease among adults in such areas is rare. However, ...
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Quinine 90 MHz - Case Study
Quinine Quinine is a drug used to treat a variety of conditions, most notably malaria. It is listed as one of the WHO’s (World Health Organization’s) “Essential Medicines”. Figure 1 shows the 1H NMR spectrum of a 250 mM Quinine in CDCl3 measured in a single scan taking 10 seconds to ...
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Artemisinin 90 MHz - Case Study
Artemisinin Artemisinin is a widely used drug in the standard treatment of malaria. It is extracted from the plant Artemisia annua, sweet wormwood, but can also be produced in a semi-synthetic fashion. Figure 1 shows the 1H NMR spectrum of a 250 mM Artemisinin sample in CDCl3 measured in a single scan taking 10 seconds to ...
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Global trade rules, competition law and patent rights: competition law and access to medicines
Approximately two billion people in the world lack regular access to essential medicine. Worse, in parts of Africa and Asia, about 50% of the population lack access to essential medicine. Thus, more than seven years after the adoption of the Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ('AIDS'), together with malaria and tuberculosis, are still wrecking havoc in ...
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Antigenic variation in plasmodium falciparum: gene organization and regulation of the var multigene family
Plasmodium falciparum imposes an enormous burden upon the developing world, with 300 to 500 million cases and 1 to 2 million deaths per year (94). Despite extensive esearch efforts, development of parasite drug resistance is a growing problem, and an ffective vaccine is still lacking. Individuals living in areas of high P. falciparum ransmission acquire protective immunity to severe ...
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Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in Douala City (Littoral region), Cameroon
From ancient times, the applied use of herbs has been common among indigenous people throughout the world. This study consists of valuing the traditional natural heritage of the Douala region, through an ethnobotany’s study that has been conducted to collect as much information as possible about therapeutic uses of plants. This survey was done through semi-structured interviews of ...
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Identification and analysis of epitope-based malarial vaccine targets using computational biology
Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease caused by protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. The malaria vaccine which has been studied is designed to induce immunity to the sporozoite and to kill sporozoite-infected liver cells. A combination of bioinformatics approach and computational tools are used to screen and select antigen sequences as potential T-cell epitopes of supertype human ...
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Chloroquine diphosphate
Chloroquine (diphosphate) is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory drug widely used to treat malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine is an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs). MedChemExpress (MCE) offers a wide range of high quality research chemicals and biochemicals including novel life-science reagents, reference compounds, APIs and natural compounds for laboratory and ...
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Special report health case study
co2balance special report on the health effects of indoor smoke pollution from unregulated indoor cook stoves. Pneumonia accounts for nearly one fifth of childhood deaths worldwide, with approximately 2 million children under five dying each year. The majority of deaths occur in Africa and South-East Asia. Source WHO/ UNICEF. Acute lower respiratory infections {pneumonia) fn young children are ...
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Plant-based cures for Vector-borne disease
Herb- and plant-based medicines have been used for as long as 60,000 years, with the first written record dating to 7,000 years ago. While these medicines have survived scientific evaluation with varying success, one in four medications currently used has a plant-based origin. One of the most successful medications treats a vector-borne disease. With all this history, why aren’t we ...
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Alkaloids: Nature's Chemical Wonders
In the realm of organic chemistry, one class of compounds has captured the scientific community's attention for decades - alkaloids. These naturally occurring compounds are known for their diverse chemical structures and profound biological activities. Many alkaloids have been discovered and studied extensively over the years, with more than 20,000 known alkaloids identified to date. Alkaloids ...
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A Brown pathology professor may have developed a revolutionary new approach to battling one of the world’s deadliest diseases
Jonathan “Jake” Kurtis was riding a night train from Nairobi to Mombasa when he first began to feel sick. Then a 20-year-old Brown junior, Kurtis had gone to the restaurant car for a curry and stayed up late drinking beer with some Americans he’d met. By the time he got back to his sleeper car, he had a vicious headache. “I thought God had visited upon me a righteous ...
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Europe’s warming raises tropical disease risk
Add one more horror to the list of awful threats that climate change poses: it could introduce dengue fever in Europe. Dengue fever is already a hazard for 2.5 billion people in humid tropical regions, and 50-100 million people a year are infected by the mosquito-borne disease. It puts 500,000 of them in hospital each year, and kills around 12,000 − many of them children. And there is ...
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Mosquito Egg Weak Spots
Malaria. Yellow Fever. Zika. Dengue. West Nile virus. These are some of the diseases, carried by mosquitos, that infect millions of people worldwide every year. According to the World Health Organization, these infections result in over 700,000 deaths annually. To help curb this huge burden on public health, scientists have been searching for better ways to manage mosquito populations to inhibit ...
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New Report Launched by WHO – ‘Health in 2015: from MDGs to SDGs’
The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a new report analysing global health trends since 2000 and looks at the main challenges that will affect health in the coming 15 years. The report titled ‘Health in 2015: from MDGs to SDGs’ identifies the key drivers of progress in health under the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It lays out actions that countries ...
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Research And Development of Infectious Disease Vaccines
As of January 1, 2023, global vaccine development includes a total of 966 vaccine candidates, of which 23% (220) are traditional inactivated or attenuated vaccines. Advances in molecular technology have facilitated the development of other platforms, such as recombinant protein vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, and viral vector vaccines, which have further diversified global vaccine development. ...
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Measles and HIV Research Programmes - Case Study
The Medical Research Council (MRC) has units based in Uganda and Gambia. These were the chosen countries to introduce a state of the art incinerators to help tackle the Measles and HIV outbreak that plagues millions of people. Client Overview The MRC’s focal point is medical science that will provide life changing improvement to the health systems in both the UK and in Africa. They have ...
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