medical radiation Articles
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Re-examining the health effects of radiation and its protection
The health effects of radiation from atomic explosions in Japan were completely different from those due to radiation from the Co-60 contaminated apartments in Taiwan. The sudden exposure to acute radiation in extremely high doses killed Japanese people, and harmed the survivors in lower doses as shown by increased cancer mortality, especially the leukemia based on the LNT model. The chronic ...
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Assessment of absorbed dose in digital and MIRD phantoms by MCNP in thorax area
This paper describes the development of mathematical models, called phantoms, for the assessment of absorbed doses caused by internal radionuclides. In more developed phantoms, anatomical models based upon 3D imaging methods are used. Cross-sectional anatomical models consist of numerous arrays of voxels, each of which individually corresponds to an organ. The digital phantom presented in this ...
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ICT based training on nuclear technology applications in Tanzania
Peaceful application of nuclear technology has contributed to socio-economic resource development in Tanzania. The Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission has taken some active steps for the incorporation and or adoption of ICT-based training modules in nuclear science and technology and its applications. The overall objective of this programme is to establish a sustainable national capability for ...
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Analysis of breast cancer in the Massachusetts TB fluoroscopy cohort and in the Japanese A-bomb survivors, taking account of dosimetric error and curvature in the A-bomb dose response: absence of evidence of reduction of risk following fractionated i
Breast cancer has occurred in excess among women exposed briefly to atomic bomb radiation and among those exposed repeatedly over many years to medical radiation for tuberculosis (TB). The breast cancer excess is strongly dependent on age at exposure, with risk highest among the young and small or non-existent when exposure occurs past the menopausal ages. The linear excess relative risk ...
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How Proper Packaging Improves the Shelf Life of Medical Devices
Medical devices are incredibly important in today’s world. They play a significant role in the treatment and prevention of various medical conditions. However, their effectiveness can be compromised if they are not packaged correctly. Packaging is an essential component of maintaining the integrity and shelf life of medical devices, especially during transportation and storage. Read on ...
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Health monitoring of NPP workers
The aim of the study is to assess the health status of Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant personnel in association with their occupational exposure to low doses of ionising radiation (IR) as well as with other factors of their working environment and to determine the probability of the occupational exposure to be a reason for the diagnosed malignant diseases (Probability of Causation – PC). More than ...
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Evaluation of the preparedness of the healthcare system of Bulgaria in nuclear accidents
This paper describes the studies that were carried out to establish the available resources of the hospitals situated near to Bulgarian NPP 'Kozloduy' to perform medical treatment of casualties in mass radiation accidents. Special attention has been paid to evaluate the possibility to perform first aid and triage to the victims, radiation monitoring procedure and decontamination. The expert view ...
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Non-cancer disease mortality and risk analysis among medical X-ray workers in China
The non-cancer disease mortality (1950-1995) among 27 011 medical diagnostic X-ray workers was compared to that of 25 782 other medical specialists employed between 1950 and 1980 to provide evidence of human non-cancer disease death produced by protracted and fractionated exposure to ionising radiation and assess the resultant non-cancer disease death risk. The total non-cancer disease mortality ...
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Monte Carlo studies of the eyelid's influence on the absorbed dose in eye tissues
The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of the eyelid on the absorbed dose distribution in eye tissues. The study was performed using two versions of the female adult head phantom (FeH) connected to the GEANT4 Monte Carlo code: one has the eyes open and the second, closed. The calculations of organ dose, normalised to air KERMA free-in-air, were done for external exposures to photon ...
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ZAP-X: A Novel Radiosurgical Device forthe Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Neurosurgery, Cyberknife Center, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milano, ITA 2. Department ofRadiation Oncology – Radiation Physics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA 3.Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA 4. Engineering, ZapSurgical Systems, San Carlos, USA 5. Radiation Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, ...
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