metabolic activities Articles
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Copper oxide nanoparticles inhibit the metabolic activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are increasingly used in industrial applications and consumer products and thus may pose risk to human and environmental health. The interaction of CuO NPs with complex media and the impact on cell metabolism when exposed to sublethal concentrations are largely unknown. In the present study, the short‐term effects of two different size manufactured CuO NPs ...
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Augmenting the bioactivity of polyetheretherketone using a novel accelerated neutral atom beam technique
Abstract Summary Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an alternative to metallic implants in orthopedic applications; however, PEEK is bioinert and does not osteointegrate. In this study, an accelerated neutral atom beam technique (ANAB) was employed to improve the bioactivity of PEEK. The aim was to investigate the growth of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), human osteoblasts (hOB), and skin ...
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Growth and behaviour of bovine articular chondrocytes on nanoengineered surfaces: Part I
Surface modification, using biomaterials to mimic in vivo cell microenvironment, plays an important role in tissue engineering. Current work studies the growth and behaviour of primary bovine articular chondrocytes on layer-by-layer self-assembled nanofilms of 11 different biomaterials, including polyelectrolytes and proteins [poly(styrene sulphonate) (PSS), fibronectin, poly-L-lysine (PLL), ...
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Dynamics of glutamate synthesis and excretion fluxes in batch and continuous cultures of temperature-triggered Corynebacterium glutamicum
Corynebacterium glutamicum 2262 strain, when triggered for glutamate excretion, experiences a rapid decrease in growth rate and increase in glutamate efflux. In order to gain a better quantitative understanding of the factors controlling the metabolic transition, the fermentation dynamics was investigated for a temperature-sensitive strain cultivated in batch and glucose-limited continuous ...
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The Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Crude Oil on the Growth and Metabolism of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Seedlings
The effect of crude oil contaminated soil at various sublethal concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%) on the growth and metabolism of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seedlings was studied. The results showed that crude oil induced environmental stress in the seedlings. This is indicated by the increase in free sugar, total protein and amino acids and a decrease in chlorophyll contents of the ...
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Effect of sodium azide on the metabolic activity of cultured fetal cells
Sodium azide is a highly toxic substance. However, the mechanism of its toxicity has not been fully established. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the toxicity of sodium azide in various cultured fetal cells, using changes in cellular respiration as an indicator of metabolic inhibition to elucidate tissue-specificity. The human fetal cell lines used in this study included ...
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Testing WHAM‐FTOX with laboratory toxicity data for mixtures of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag, Pb)
The WHAM‐FTOX model describes cation toxicity to aquatic organisms in terms of (a) accumulation by the organism of metabolically‐active protons and metals at reversible binding sites, and (b) differing toxic potencies of the bound cations. Cation accumulation (νi in mol g‐1) is estimated through calculations with the WHAM chemical speciation model by assuming that organism binding sites can be ...
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How Do Microbes Work?
Beneficial bacteria are a natural solution for improving water quality in ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and canals. Beneficial microorganisms that are naturally present in the aquatic environment are typically at low levels, so they work much slower at reducing nutrients to maintain water quality. Aquatron and Waste and Sludge Reducer contains two billion bacteria per gram. At this elevated ...
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Tobacco smoke-dependent changes in cytochrome P450 1A1, 1A2, and 2E1 protein expressions in fetuses, newborns, pregnant rats, and human placenta
Tobacco smoke (TS) was described as a mixture of numerous cytochrome P450 (P450) substrates, inducers, and inhibitors. These inducers and inhibitors may modify drug clearance and xenobiotic or endogenous metabolism affecting P450s expression. In the present study, the effect of gestation and TS on: (1) cytochrome P450 CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2E1 protein expressions, and (2) cytochrome P450-linked ...
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Unveiling the Dynamics of Industrial Enzyme Production
The role that industrial enzymes play in facilitating various processes in industries ranging from food and beverages to detergents, textiles, and biofuels is crucial yet often understated. These bio-catalysts are responsible for accelerating chemical reactions, making industrial processes more efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly. Despite their critical importance, the complexity around ...
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Evaluation of Mineral Supplements for Content and Purity by Flame / Graphite Furnace AAS
Doctors, dieticians and health officials recommend a balanced diet that provides essential minerals for proper nutrition in the human body. The accurate analysis of metals in vitamin / mineral preparations and food supplements is very important. These metals can be classified into several groups – the major electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, Mg), crucial to normal primary physiological processes ...
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DDT increases hepatic testosterone metabolism in rats
DDT and its metabolites are considered as endocrine disruptors able to promote hormone-dependent pathologies. We studied the effects of technical-grade DDT on hepatic testosterone metabolism and testosterone hydroxylase activity ratios in the rat. Male and female Wistar rats were treated by gavage with a single dose of technical-grade DDT (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg body weight) and killed 24 h ...
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Introduction to Organic Acids
What is an organic acid? Organic acids are organic compounds that are acidic in nature. The most common organic acids are carboxylic acids, with acidity derived from the carboxyl group (-COOH). Sulfonic acid (-SO3H), sulfinic acid (RSOOH), and sulfuric acid (RCOSH) are also organic acids. Organic acids can react with alcohols to form esters. Carboxyl group is the functional group of carboxylic ...
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Abstract 15053: New Insights into the Development of the Protease Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin-Like Kexin Type 9 Antagonists
Abstract Protease proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is an important target for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. PCSK9 is synthesized as a zymogen that undergoes autocatalytic processing and secretion. Secreted PCSK9 binds to the LDL-receptor (LDLR) and chaperones it to the degradation pathway. Several pharmaceutical companies have developed injectable mAb PCSK9 ...
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AMPK Signaling Pathway and Function
AMPK (Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase), as an important kinase regulating energy homeostasis, is one of the central regulators of eukaryotic cell and organism metabolism. It is responsible for regulating cellular capacity input and output and maintaining the smooth functioning of cellular physiological activities. AMPK is also a key protein involved in various signaling ...
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Applications of Metagenomics in Biotechnology and Health Care
Microbes are present almost everywhere. They play a vital role in cycling carbon, release important compounds, and may be associated with infectious diseases. Metagenomics is the culture-independent genomic research of microbial communities. Metagenomics presents a powerful tool to study prokaryotes and viruses in the environment via the analysis of their DNA obtained directly from environmental ...
By CD Genomics
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Applications of Metagenomics in Biotechnology and Health Care
Microbes are present almost everywhere. They play a vital role in cycling carbon, release important compounds, and may be associated with infectious diseases. Metagenomics is the culture-independent genomic research of microbial communities. Metagenomics presents a powerful tool to study prokaryotes and viruses in the environment via the analysis of their DNA obtained directly from environmental ...
By CD Genomics
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Compound Active Probiotics Are Widely Used in the Field of Health
Probiotics are a class of active microorganisms that are beneficial to the host. They are the general term for active beneficial microorganisms that colonize the human intestine and reproductive system and can produce definite health effects to improve the host's micro-ecological balance and play a beneficial role. The beneficial bacteria or fungi in humans and animals mainly include: Clostridium ...
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The Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Drugs Is Greater Than We Thought
Gut microbes are considered "virtual organs" that influence host health and are involved in disease research. The human gut microbiota has a large gene pool, encoding approximately 100-150 times more genes than the human genome, and contains a rich resource of enzymes with the ability to metabolize drugs. The diversity of gut bacteria also affects the mental health of the host. Microbiomes from ...
By CD Genomics
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Epigenomics: Opening the Black Box of Cancer
The epigenome is composed of chemical markers and proteins that can attach to DNA and direct the function of gene regulatory elements, controlling the production of proteins in specific cells, among other roles. Common epigenomic modifications include methylation of the nucleotide cytosine and histones or acetylation and phosphorylation of histones. All of these modifications do not change the ...
By CD Genomics
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