pharmaceutical compounding Articles
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Assessing the risk of exogenously consumed pharmaceuticals in land-applied human urine
Once separated, the use of urine as fertilizer is a particular attractive proposition and can significantly mitigate the release of nutrients and pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) to the environment. In the current study, a simple methodological framework is proposed for assessing risks that are posed by the land application of urine, which contains PhACs, in terms of 6 selected ...
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Sorption and toxicity reduction of pharmaceutically active compounds and endocrine disrupting chemicals in the presence of colloidal humic acid
This study investigated the toxicity changes and sorption of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupters in the presence of humic acid (HA). For the sorption experiment, a dead end filtration (DEF) system was used to separate bound and free-form target compounds. An algae growth inhibition test and E-screen assay were conducted to estimate the toxic effect of pharmaceutically active compounds ...
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Removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds through pilot- and full-scale riverbank filtration
Removal of a large suite of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) was measured through both pilot- and full-scale riverbank filtration (RBF) facilities. The pilot-scale RBF effectively reduced low ng/L concentrations of most compounds by greater than 90% following a 36-day experiment. Breakthrough of the conservative tracer occurred after 10 days and reached 90% recovery after ...
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Screening of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in water supplies of Cyprus
Cyprus is currently the leading country in antibiotic consumption among all European Union member countries and is likely to have a high consumption of pharmaceuticals overall. This reconnaissance type of project sought to investigate the occurrence of 16 pharmaceuticals, six known or suspected endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), two flame retardants, one insect repellant, and one fragrance ...
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Testing of Pharmaceutical & Cosmetic Raw Materials & Final Product Formulations for CODEX, USP/NF & BP Regulations
There are STANDARD Guidelines used to define the Identification and Purity of compounds used in Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic formulations, as well as the final Products. These protocols are described in great detail in the various Monographs of the United States and British Pharmacopoeias, the National Formulary (USP/NF and BP), the International FAO/WHO Codex (CODEX) and other Regulatory ...
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An in vitro method for determining the bioaccessibility of pharmaceuticals in wildlife
Wildlife can be exposed to human pharmaceuticals via prey that have accumulated the compounds from wastewater, surface water, sediment and soil. One factor affecting internal absorption of pharmaceuticals is bioaccessibility, the proportion of the compound that enters solution in the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, the bioaccessibility of most pharmaceuticals in prey remains unknown for ...
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In Silico Development of Combinatorial Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Key Signaling Pathways in Metabolic Syndrome
Purpose Dysregulations of key signaling pathways in metabolic syndrome are multifactorial, eventually leading to cardiovascular events. Hyperglycemia in conjunction with dyslipidemia induces insulin resistance and provokes release of proinflammatory cytokines resulting in chronic inflammation, accelerated lipid peroxidation with further development of atherosclerotic alterations and diabetes. We ...
By VeriSIM Life
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What Revisions Has U.S. Pharmacopoeia Made to Pharmaceutical Excipients?
Pharmaceutical excipients are natural or synthetic substances formulated together with the active ingredients of the drug, whose purpose is to increase the formulations containing effective active ingredients or endow the active ingredients in the final dosage form with therapeutic effects, such as promoting drug absorption or solubility. Pharmaceutical excipients can also be used in the ...
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