Sage Publications Ltd. articles

Located within the borders of a conservation development plan, a traditional street structure, a renovated street structure which holds traditionalism and modernism together and a modern street structure constructed within the present settlement have been studied comparatively to determine the degree to which the existing urban structure meets the expectations of today`s people.

Depression is a highly prevalent disorder that causes much personal distress and difficulties in functioning at home and the workplace. In the workplace, as elsewhere, depression can manifest as a variation in normal mood, as a symptom, as a disorder or as a disease. In this study we aimed to investigate the determining factors that affect the depression state among official workers. Workers from two tax offices were chosen through random sampling from the 62 tax offices in Istanbul. We used a q

This article concerns an investigation of the full scale evacuation of a building with a configuration similar to that of the World Trade Center (WTC) north tower using computer simulation. A range of evacuation scenarios is explored in order to better understand the evacuation of the WTC on 11 September 2001. The analysis makes use of response time data derived from a study of published WTC survivor accounts. Geometric details of the building are obtained from architects` plans while the total

The vortex behavior and thickness of the nozzle fluid layer of pulsating jets under a ceiling are studied using the laser-assisted visualization technique. The vortex formation characteristics of jets pulsating at different frequencies are compared with those of continuously issuing jets to investigate the effects of the pulsating frequency on the thicknesses of the nozzle fluid layers under a ceiling. To identify similarities between the features of pulsating isothermal jets and periodically pu

Ignition has been systematically, scientifically studied for about a century now. But the development of knowledge in this area has been uneven, and while an advanced understanding has been reached in some areas, knowledge is scant in others. A review of the literature of the field indicates that the following are some of the notable areas where engineering calculation methods are poor or lacking: hot-surface ignition of liquids; ignition of liquid sprays or aerosols; ignition of solids from hot

Standard calculation methods are used in current design practice in the United States to determine the fire resistance rating of structural steel elements protected with spray-applied fire resistive materials (SFRMs). These calculation methods are based on simplified analysis of heat transfer through the SFRM material to the steel substrate. This analysis assumes one-dimensional heat transfer in Cartesian coordinates, i.e., a flat plate. Based on this analysis, the ratio of the weight per unit l

Recent tests have shown that some wall and door constructions, when exposed to temperature conditions greater than those used for the standard ISO 834 test, fail in lesser time than their standard time rating. The premature failures that occur have been known for some time but specific tests have been conducted only recently to demonstrate the facts. It has been widely-accepted since the late 1970s that the predominant mode of heat transfer in a fire compartment is by radiation rather than conve

The plant Mentha spicata, or peppermint, is commonly used in the treatment of loss of appetite, common cold, bronchitis, sinusitis, fever, nausea and vomiting, and indigestion as a herbal agent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biochemical and histological effects of M. spicata Labiatae, growing on the Anamas high plateau of Yenisarbademli town, on rat uterine tissue. Twenty female Wistar albino rats weighing 160±10 g were used for this study. Rats were divided into two groups of ten

A multivariate analysis of 4797 cases of patients who were cured of their psychological symptoms and their notes filed by the psychiatric clinic of the Eginition Hospital in Athens, during the year 1994, has been done. The results of this analysis imply significant contribution of environmental variations, expressed by a discomfort index, in the aggravation of psychological symptoms like depression, sleep disturbances, anxiety, aggressiveness, etc. Moreover, geomagnetic field variations expresse

Abstract
The ventilation system of an operating theatre (OT) in a hospital needs to provide a comfortable and healthy surgical environment, particularly to minimise the risk of airborne infection. Engineering standards are available to outline specialised ventilation design and installation requirements based on knowledge accumulated from quality research and day-to-day practices. In this paper, the integrated effect of a reduction in supply air velocity and changed medical l