PCR-based Tests Articles
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Nanobodies Definition, Structure, Advantages and Applications
What is a Nanobody?Nanobodies are the smallest functional single-domain antibodies known to be able to stably bind to antigens, and have unique structural and functional advantages. The molecular weight of nanobodies is only 12-15 kDa, which retains the antigen binding ability of traditional antibodies. However, nanobodies have higher solubility and stability, and have unique advantages in ...
By BOC Sciences
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Understanding Residual DNA Testing and Methods for Detecting Residual DNA
Most biological agents enter the body directly without passing through the gastrointestinal tract, so in addition to biological activity, relevant authorities have very strict requirements on impurities in drugs. Among them, the host cells residual DNA has always been the focus of regulatory agencies because of its special potential safety risks. Although recombinant protein drugs, antibody ...
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Influenza A virus replication has a stronger dependency on Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway activity than SARS-CoV-2
The recent COVID-19 pandemic again highlighted the urgent need for broad-spectrum antivirals, both for therapeutic use in acute viral infection and for pandemic preparedness in general. The targeting of host cell factors hijacked by viruses during their replication cycle presents one possible strategy for development of broad-spectrum antivirals. By inhibiting the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, ...
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Comparison Between Illumina and Nanopore Sequencing Technologies
What is Illumina Sequencing? Illumina sequencing is a second-generation sequencing technology that has become a powerful tool for genomics research. The method uses reversible dye terminator technology to detect the sequence of a DNA molecule. The process begins by fragmenting the DNA sample into short fragments, typically 100-150 base pairs (bp) in length. These fragments are then ligated to a ...
By CD Genomics
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Chimeric RNA and Sequencing Technologies: Advancing Detection and Research
What is Chimeric RNA? Chimeric RNA, also known as fusion RNA, refers to RNA molecules that are formed as a result of the fusion of two or more different RNA transcripts. Chimeric RNA, a unique class of RNA molecules formed through various molecular mechanisms, such as trans-splicing, read-through transcription, and fusion genes. These hybrid transcripts play a significant role in diverse ...
By CD Genomics
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The Molecular Microbiology of SARS-CoV-2: Detection Methods and Infection Mechanism
SARS-CoV-2 is a newly discovered human coronavirus group (HCoV), which are single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family of Coronaviridae. A range of respiratory diseases have been induced by some of these pathogens in the past. SARS-CoV-1 infected more than 8,000 individuals around the world, for example. Human coronavirus linked to Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) also occurred ...
By CD Genomics
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qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 Detection and Research: Introduction, Principles, and Applications
Introduction to Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction A highly delicate technique for the amplification and identification of deoxyribonucleic acid is polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In molecular biology, its conceptual simplification has made it the most utilized method and can, in theory, identify as little as a single segment of DNA. Therefore, for a huge variety of bacterial, fungal, viral, ...
By CD Genomics
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Harnessing the Power of LAM PCR Service: A Near-Full Spectrum Genetic Analysis
As the life sciences explode with advancements in technology, clinicians and researchers require robust techniques with high throughput and precision to navigate the complexity of the genetic landscape. One such emerging technology, linear amplification-mediated polymerase chain reaction (LAM-PCR), is gaining significant attention for its proficiency in performing near-full spectrum genetic ...
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Host Cell Residual DNA: Understanding its Significance and Detection Methods
Host Cell Residual DNA (rcDNA) refers to fragments of DNA derived from host cells that may be present in biological products. These products must not contain foreign substances, particularly host DNA, to avoid immune rejection and potential threats to life safety. Regulatory agencies worldwide have imposed strict limits on the amount of rcDNA, and various pharmacopoeias have outlined several ...
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The Methods of Whole Genome Sequencing
Overview of Whole Genome Sequencing The genome of each individual organism contains its entire genetic information. Whole genome sequencing technology can comprehensively and accurately analyze entire genomes, thereby breaking the information contained in it and revealing the complexity and diversity of the genome. The emergence of whole genome sequencing technology is a revolutionary advancement ...
By CD Genomics
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Advances in Targeted Region Enrichment Technologies
What is targeted region sequencing? Whole genome sequencing looks at the whole genome of an organism, while targeted region sequencing looks at only the parts that are of interest. Targeted genome sequencing is a very sensitive and specific way to find SNPs, indels, CNVs, and large SVs. Compared to whole genome sequencing, targeted genome sequencing is more focused, economical, and effective. ...
By CD Genomics
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Navigating the Bioinformatics Workflow for Whole Exome Sequencing: A Step-by-Step Guide
Next-generation sequencing (NGS), which makes millions to billions of sequence reads at a fast rate, has greatly sped up genomics research. At the moment, Illumina, Ion Torrent/Life Technologies, 454/Roche, Pacific Bioscience, Nanopore, and GenapSys are all NGS platforms that can be used. They can produce reads of 100–10,000 bp in length, enabling sufficient coverage of the genome at a ...
By CD Genomics
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Secretin receptor deletion in the subfornical organ attenuates the activation of excitatory neurons under dehydration
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. School of Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, ...
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Bioinformatics Analysis of 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing
This article provides a brief introduction to good practices for the bioinformatics analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing by NGS (next-generation sequencing). The bioinformatics pipeline involves two main stages: the preprocessing of data (quality control) and quantification (including taxonomic profiling and predictive metagenomics profiling). Preprocessing to eliminate uninformative data Removal of ...
By CD Genomics
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The Workflow of Viral Metagenomics
As is known to all, most of the viruses infect microorganisms, plants, and animals. They cause familiar infectious diseases (such as the flu and warts) and even some severe illnesses such as smallpox, Ebola, and HIV/AIDS. Because less than one percent of microbial hosts have been cultivated, it is very important to identify and measure the community dynamics of viruses in the environment. Unlike ...
By CD Genomics
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COVID-19 Disease Testing; Utilising Fluorescence During a Pandemic
While the world continues to endure loss and hardship due to the outbreak of COVID-19, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), researchers are scrambling to provide test kits that are accurate, fast, sensitive, and widely available, especially as symptoms vary broadly and may not appear for days if at all. To this end, several diagnostic methods have been ...
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Long Read Sequencing Helps HLA Typing
HLA, human leukocyte surface antigen, a series of tightly interlocking motifs on the short arm of human chromosome 6, is the central basis for the immune system to recognize and differentiate between allogeneic substances. It is highly polymorphic and corresponds to a complex acquired immune system. It is importantly associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases, tumors, and infectious ...
By CD Genomics
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SNP Array, A Powerful Tool for Diagnosis and Agrigenomics Research
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a kind of DNA polymorphisms caused by single-nucleotide variants in both coding and non-coding regions, which are the most common and smallest variants. There are more than 3 million SNPs in the human genome with an average of 1 in 500-1000 base pairs. SNP microarrays are capable of detecting a large number of subtle DNA alterations and/or abnormal ...
By CD Genomics
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COVID-19: It’s Not Over Yet
It’s hard to believe that it’s been more than 2 years since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. At that time, the scientific world and public health communities all came together to identify the cause of this outbreak, to understand the type of “virus” infecting people and identify the infectious ...
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CD Genomics Perspective: Bioinformatic Analysis for HLA Genotyping
Introduction to HLA Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a 3.6 Mb segment on the short arm of chromosome 6 that contains over 200 genes. It is also known as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and it is the most polymorphic region in the human genome, involving diverse immune reactions. HLA is divided into HLA-class I (corresponding to MHC class I) and HLA-class II (corresponding to MHC class ...
By CD Genomics
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