Pre-Clinical Articles
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Application of Capillary Electrophoresis Technology in Biopharmaceuticals
Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is an analytical technique used in the development and quality control of protein drugs. From medium optimization, clone screening, formulation stability research and purification process monitoring, to protein characterization, related impurity detection, protein structure identification and protein drug product quality control, CE is required in all aspects of ...
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Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP): A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) is a versatile and powerful laboratory technique employed to elucidate protein-protein interactions. It is particularly valuable for identifying and characterizing protein complexes involved in various cellular processes. The technique relies on the specificity of antibodies to selectively capture a protein of interest (bait) from a complex mixture, ...
By Profacgen
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Protein Engineering: Designing Molecular Machines for a Healthier Future
Proteins are the workhorses of life, performing a vast array of essential functions, from catalyzing biochemical reactions to building and maintaining cellular structures. Protein engineering, a rapidly evolving field at the intersection of biology, chemistry, and computer science, aims to harness the power of these molecular machines by designing and manipulating their structure and function to ...
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Cytokines: The Master Regulators of Immunity and Inflammation
Cytokines are a broad class of tiny proteins that are essential for controlling inflammation and immunological responses. Numerous cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immunological cells, and epithelial cells, produce these signaling molecules. Serving as intermediaries, they synchronize various cell functions to elicit the body's defense mechanisms against infections, tissue ...
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Do Peptide Drugs Need Acylation Blocking at Nα?
The formation of 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) with a bicyclic structure is one of the most detrimental side reactions and degradation pathways affecting peptide synthesis. Despite its crucial role as a versatile building block in drug discovery, the formation of DKP reactions is highly undesirable in the production of peptide drugs. DKP formation can occur during the process of peptide drug ...
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Application of Flow Cytometry in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Flow cytometry (FC) is an important tool for analyzing complex pathways and responses of single cells, which can track cell phenotypes and functions in multiple dimensions. It is also increasingly applied in drug development. FC not only can detect intracellular and extracellular components, but also detect soluble analytes in serum or plasma samples, such as cytokines, drug complexes, or ...
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CD Genomics Takes Genomic Research to New Heights with Ribo-seq Technology
CD Genomics, a well-established leader in transcriptome solutions, is pleased to announce the introduction of Ribosome Profiling technology. This innovative technique promises to provide valuable insights into gene expression, protein synthesis, and regulation, offering potential advancements in the field of RNA translation research. Ribo-seq is a cutting-edge high-resolution sequencing ...
By CD Genomics
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A Closer Look at Metabolic Disease Models and Diabetes Models
Diabetes, specifically Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, remains one of the most commonly encountered metabolic diseases worldwide. The complexity and diversity of these conditions necessitate the development of detailed medical models for a comprehensive understanding of the diseases. Over time, Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Models, Metabolic Disease Models, and generalized Diabetes ...
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How to Apply In Vitro DMPK Services to Support Drug Development and ADMET Study
Drug development is a complex and multifaceted process that involves extensive research and testing to ensure safety, efficacy and quality for human use. One critical element in the drug development process is drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK), which refers to how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) from the body. In vitro DMPK services, along with ...
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The Importance of Bioproduction Stable Cell Line Development
Bioproduction is a critical element in the creation of many vaccines, therapeutics, and other biopharmaceuticals. A central facet of this process involves the development of stable cell lines that are capable of producing these vital products in abundance and with consistency. This article will explore the in-depth process and importance of stable cell line development in bioproduction. The ...
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Clonality Analysis Service: A Paradigm Shift in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Understanding Clonality Analysis Clonality refers to the origin of a cell population from a single 'parent' or progenitor cell through asexual reproduction or division. This concept is vital in cancer studies as it helps track the development of tumor cells from a single mutated cell. Clonality analysis is thus essential in understanding the evolution and the spread of cancerous cells in a ...
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Advances in siRNA Drug Research
siRNA, with a molecular weight of about 13 kDa, recruits the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to mRNA through base pairing, thereby inhibiting protein translation. The mRNA is targeted for cleavage through the catalysis of the RISC protein Ago2, a member of the Argonaute family. In addition, other Ago proteins (Ago1, Ago3, and Ago4) catalyze endonuclease-mediated degradation of non-specific ...
By BOC Sciences
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Bispecific Antibodies and Bispecific Antibody ADCs
With the rapid development of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), more and more companies have entered the field of ADC research and development, and various types of ADC technologies and branches have emerged. Bispecific antibody conjugates (BsAb ADCs) are one of the emerging new technologies. The high specificity of bispecific antibodies enables more precise targeting of tumor cells. On the other ...
By BOC Sciences
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Biotin PEG
What are Biotinylation and Biotinylated PEG?Biotinylation is the process of covalently attaching biotin to molecules (such as amino acids, peptides, antibodies, or proteins). Due to the small molecular weight of biotin, biotinylation is usually rapid and specific and is unlikely to interfere with the inherent function of the molecule. Biotin has extremely high affinity, rapidity and high ...
By BOC Sciences
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Mechanisms to Combat Drug Resistance: Overview of Antimicrobial Peptides
What are Antimicrobial Peptides? Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally occurring peptide molecules found in various organisms, including humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms. These peptides play a crucial role in the innate immune system's defense against microbial infections, exhibiting antimicrobial properties that can inhibit the growth or kill bacteria, fungi, viruses, and even ...
By BOC Sciences
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Development of mRNA-Directed Delivery - LNP Delivery System
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the success of mRNA vaccines has greatly propelled the development of mRNA therapeutics. mRNA is a negatively charged nucleic acid that serves as a template for protein synthesis in ribosomes. Despite its utility, the instability of mRNA necessitates appropriate carriers for in vivo delivery. Currently, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most mature approach for ...
By BOC Sciences
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Microneedle Patch Technologies: Innovations in Drug Delivery
Microneedle patch technologies have revolutionized the field of drug delivery, offering a wide range of advantages over traditional methods. These innovative patches provide a minimally invasive and painless alternative to injections while ensuring precise and controlled drug administration. In this article, we will explore various types of microneedle patch technologies, including ...
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What Are the Methods for Preparing Microspheres?
Microspheres play a crucial role in the field of pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and materials science due to their unique properties and applications. These spherical particles, ranging from a few micrometers to several millimeters in size, have a wide range of uses, including drug delivery systems, cell encapsulation, and as supports for various chemical reactions. Polymeric microspheres, ...
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Harnessing the Potential of Marine Polysaccharides as Valuable Resources
Source of Marine Polysaccharides Marine polysaccharides are primarily sourced from a diverse range of marine organisms that thrive in oceans and seas. Seaweeds are the primary and most abundant source of marine polysaccharides. Seaweeds with high polysaccharide content, such as red algae (Rhodophyta), brown algae (Phaeophyceae), and green algae (Chlorophyta), have been extensively studied for ...
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Understanding the Workflow and Practical Applications of Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability (DARTS)
Introduction of Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability (DARTS) Drug target protein identification is an important step in the research and development of new drugs. Drug Affinity Response Target Stability (DARTS) is a technique that can rapidly and directly identify potential target proteins of small molecule drugs. That is, it prevents the target protein from being hydrolyzed by proteases ...
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