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Melamine

MCE China：Melamine

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-Y1117

CAS：108-78-1

Purity：99.17%

Storage：Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：Melamine is an orally active inducer of Apoptosis. Melamine induces animal disease models. Melamine affects the activity of Sertoli cell and can be used for research on male reproductive function. Melamine also has neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Melamine induces cognitive impairment and acute kidney injury models. Melamine can also be used to induce bladder cancer and urinary stone models.

In Vitro：Melamine (0-1000 g/mL, 24 h) suppresses cell viability and induces cell apoptosis in concentration-dependent manner in Sertoli cells[1]. Melamine (50 g/mL, 24 h) down-regulates the expressions of junction-associated proteins including occludin, N-cadherin, and vimentin, suggesting that MA disrupts the integrity of Sertoli cell barrier[1].

In Vivo：Melamine (300 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 28 days) is able to impair the learning and memory abilities and reduces rats weight [2]. Melamine (60-600 mg/kg, p.o., daily, 2 weeks) impairs endothelial function and increases pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic markers in renal arteries of rats dose-dependently[3]. .f12{ font-size: 12px; } .fwb{ font-weight: bold; } .lh22{ line-height: 22px;; } .lh23 { line-height: 23px; } .pl13{ padding-left: 13px;; } .part { margin-top: 18px; } .mold-first-tit { width: 100%; height: 44px; line-height: 44px; background: #F9F7FB; border-bottom: 1px solid #EBE4F6; padding-left: 16px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 17px; } .mold-second-tit:before { content:""; width: 6px; height: 6px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,102,0,0.4); margin-right: 12px; position: relative; top: -3px; } .lft-border { border-left: 1px dotted #EBE4F6; padding-right: 12px; margin-left: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 12px; } /* .part .dec:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } */ .dec { margin: 10px 15px 0; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .btm-border { border-left: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .text-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFBF1; padding: 14px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFDF7; padding: 12px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note { width: 51px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; background: #FFE2AA; text-align: center; border-radius: 0 0 8px 0; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .text-note-dec { margin-top: 15px;; } Pk parameter of Melamine. The half-life (t1/2) is 32.2-32.9 hours, the clearance (Clz/F) is 35.9-36.6 mL/h/kg, and the volume of distribution (Vss) is 1.67-1.74 L/kg [8].Melamine can be used in animal modeling to construct models of acute nephrotoxicity, cognitive deficits, and urinary stone formation. 1. Induction of acute nephrotoxicity[4] The pathogenic mechanisms Melamine disrupts urinary metabolism and amino acid metabolism in a dose-dependent manner. The specific modeling methods Mice: Wistar rats;Administration: 100, 300, 600 mg/kg • p.o. • 15 days Modeling success indicators Molecular changes ：Down-regulates 5-Hydroxytryptophan, decreases tyrosine, citric acid, and lowers blood uric acid levels. Phenotypic observations ：Increases kidney weight, crystal deposition in the renal papillary collecting ducts, and renal inflammation were observed. Similar products Opposite Product 2. Induction of cognitive deficits [5] The pathogenic mechanisms Melamine impairs hippocampal function and inhibited differentiated PC12 cell proliferation. The specific modeling methods Rat: Wistar rats • Male • three-week-old Administration: 300 mg/kg • daily for 4 weeks • control rats: 1%CMC 300 mg/kg from days 1 to 28 (i.g.) or 0.2 mL/rat/day. Modeling success indicators Neurology ：Reduces excitatory postsynaptic potential in rats. Behavioral observation ：Induces symptoms of piloerection and haematuria as well as reduced spontaneous activity. Opposite Product(s) 3. Induction of urinary stones [6] The pathogenic mechanisms Induces transitional cell hyperplasia and ischemic changes in the kidney. The specific modeling methods Rat: F344/DuCrj rats • Male • six-week-old Administration: 1 and 3% Melamine • p.o. • daily for 40 weeks Note Melamine was added to powdered basal diet or 5 and 10% NaCl containing diet at concentrations of 1 and 3%. Modeling success indicators Behavioral observations ：Induces the decrease in kidney weight, promotes the formation of kidney stones, increases bladder weight and leads to focal lesions such as fibrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and tubular regeneration. Opposite Product(s)

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References：

[1]. Chang L, et al. In vitro toxicity evaluation of melamine on mouse TM4 Sertoli cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2017 Mar;50:111-118.  [Content Brief]

[2]. An L, et al. Melamine induced cognitive impairment associated with oxidative damage in rat's hippocampus. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2012 Aug;102(2):196-202.  [Content Brief]

[3]. Tian XY, et al. Melamine Impairs Renal and Vascular Function in Rats. Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 21;6:28041  [Content Brief]

[4]. Xue M, et al. Plasma pharmacokinetics of melamine and a blend of melamine and cyanuric acid in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 Oct;61(1):93-7.  [Content Brief]

[5]. Xie G, et al. Metabonomic evaluation of melamine-induced acute renal toxicity in rats. J Proteome Res. 2010 Jan;9(1):125-33.  [Content Brief]

[6]. An L, et al. Cognitive deficits induced by melamine in rats. Toxicol Lett. 2011 Oct 30;206(3):276-80.  [Content Brief]

[7]. Ogasawara H, et al. Urinary bladder carcinogenesis induced by melamine in F344 male rats: correlation between carcinogenicity and urolith formation. Carcinogenesis. 1995 Nov;16(11):2773-7.  [Content Brief]

[8]. Kuo FC, et al. Melamine activates NFκB/COX-2/PGE2 pathway and increases NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production in macrophages and human embryonic kidney cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2013 Sep;27(6):1603-11.  [Content Brief]