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Protamine sulfate

MCE China：Protamine sulfate

Brand：MedChemExpress (MCE)

Cat. No.HY-107911

CAS：9009-65-8

Purity：99.99%

Storage：-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Shipping：Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Description：Protamine sulfate, polycationic peptide and a antiheparin agent, could neutralize the anticoagulant action of heparin and enhances lipid-mediated gene transfer.

In Vitro：Protamine sulfate has an inhibitory effect on thrombin in the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and that this inhibition is concentration dependent, partial, and reversible[3]. Protamine sulfate is a 5-kDa cationic polypeptide derived from salmon sperm that can bind negatively charged unfractionated heparin (UFH). Protamine sulfate down-regulates thrombin generation by inhibiting factor V activation[4].

In Vivo：Protamine sulfate can be used in animal modeling to create cystitis models[5]. .f12{ font-size: 12px; } .fwb{ font-weight: bold; } .lh22{ line-height: 22px;; } .lh23 { line-height: 23px; } .pl13{ padding-left: 13px;; } .part { margin-top: 18px; } .mold-first-tit { width: 100%; height: 44px; line-height: 44px; background: #F9F7FB; border-bottom: 1px solid #EBE4F6; padding-left: 16px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 17px; } .mold-second-tit:before { content:""; width: 6px; height: 6px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(255,102,0,0.4); margin-right: 12px; position: relative; top: -3px; } .lft-border { border-left: 1px dotted #EBE4F6; padding-right: 12px; margin-left: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 12px; } /* .part .dec:last-child { border-bottom: 0; } */ .dec { margin: 10px 15px 0; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .btm-border { border-left: 1px dashed #EBE4F6; } .text-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFBF1; padding: 14px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note-bg { margin-top: 10px; background: #FFFDF7; padding: 12px; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; } .text-note { width: 51px; height: 20px; line-height: 20px; background: #FFE2AA; text-align: center; border-radius: 0 0 8px 0; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .text-note-dec { margin-top: 15px;; } Induction of cystitis model[5] Background The presence and activity of protamine sulfate may trigger the activation and inflammatory response of the host immune system. These immune responses can lead to the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the production of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and interleukins, which can lead to cystitis. Specific Mmodeling Methods Rat: Sprague–Dawley • female &bull Administration: 10 mg/mL irrigation in the urinary bladder • once Note (1) 10 mg/ml protamine sulfate was injected into the rat bladder, and 2 mg/ml LPS was injected 30 minutes later (2) 5 days later, the experimental animals were put to death under anesthesia, and the bladder was removed for observation. Modeling Indicators Physiological indicators: The turbidity, urine volume and the number of red blood cells in the urine of rats were detected.Molecular changes: The levels of biomarkers IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB in bladder tissues were detected.Histological analysis: Hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to detect the number of mast cells in the bladder of rats. Correlated Product(s): LPS (HY-D1056) Opposite Product(s): /

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References：

[1]. Ahmed Kouta, et al. Protamine Sulfate Neutralization Profile of Various Dosages of Bovine, Ovine and Porcine UFHs and Their Depolymerized Derivatives in Non-Human Primates. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. Jan-Dec 2021;27:10760296211005544.  [Content Brief]

[2]. F L Sorgi, et al. Protamine sulfate enhances lipid-mediated gene transfer. Gene Ther. 1997 Sep;4(9):961-8.  [Content Brief]

[3]. R J Cobel-Geard, et al. Interaction of protamine sulfate with thrombin. Am J Hematol. 1983 May;14(3):227-33.  [Content Brief]

[4]. Fionnuala Ni Ainle, et al. Protamine sulfate down-regulates thrombin generation by inhibiting factor V activation. Blood. 2009 Aug 20;114(8):1658-65.  [Content Brief]

[5]. Li J, et al. Therapeutic effect of urine-derived stem cells for protamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced interstitial cystitis in a rat model. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017 May 8;8(1):107.  [Content Brief]