Campylobacter Fetus-Jejuni Bacterin Vaccines
From Sheep Vaccines
Campylobacter Fetus-Jejuni Bacterin is intended for the vaccination of healthy ewes against vibrionic abortion due to Campylobacter fetus and/or Campylobacter jejuni species. Campylobacter Fetus-Jejuni Bacterin contains killed cultures of isolates of both bacterial species in an aluminum hydroxide adjuvant.
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Product Overview
Vibrionic Abortion: Disease Description
Vibrionic abortion in sheep in California results from infection with either Campylobacter fetus or Campylobacter jejuni. The disease is characterized by late-term abortion storms in pregnant ewes 7-25 days following exposure. Ewes are exposed to the bacteria through ingestion of placental fluids from infected animals or of food or water contaminated with those fluids. Ewes are most susceptible during the second half of gestation, and contact with infected materials during this time may result in abortions, still-births, or weak lambs. Vaccination against one Campylobacter species is only weakly protective against infection due to the other species.
Bivalent Campylobacter Fetus-jejuni Bacterin Field Trial
Background:
Vibrionic abortion in sheep due to either Campylobacter fetus or C. jejuni can result in devastating loss (20-80% is reported for susceptible flocks) to the lamb crop in naive flocks. Prior to the introduction of Hygieia's bivalent C. fetus-jejuni bacterin, only the C. fetus antigenic fraction has been available in commercial vaccines. As there is minimal antigenic cross-reactivity between C. fetus and C. jejuni, these products offered little or no protection from abortion due to C. jejuni. Since C. jejuni tends to be the predominant aborting Campylobacter in sheep (C. fetus is predominant in cattle), sheep producers received little benefit from previously existing vaccines.
Summary:
The performance of a new, bivalent Campylobacter fetus-jejuni bacterin was tested in yearling ewes. For this study, vaccinates received one dose of bivalent bacterin at prebreeding and a second dose at approximately midgestation. Pregnancy was confirmed via ultrasound. fifty six (twenty eight vaccinates and twenty eight controls) pregnant yearlings were challenged at about four months gestation with either virulent C. fetus or C. jejuni in a prospective cohort-controlled study. The vaccinates experienced no losses attributable to Campylobacter infection, while controls experienced 38% abortions due to C. jejuni and 29% abortions due to C. fetus. This study demonstrated the bivalent bacterin to have a statistically significant effect in protecting ewes from abortion following challenge with either C. fetus or C. jejuni (p<0.001).
Summary of Pregnancy Outcomes in Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Yearling Ewes Following Challenge with C. fetus or C. jejuni Virulent Strains:
*Vaccinates lost three due to noninfectious causes (low selenium), and 2 due to unknown cause (animals recorded as pregnant pre-challenge were open three months later without being seen to lamb or abort); controls lost one to noninfectious causes, two to non-Campylobacter infections, and one to unknown cause.
Campylobacter Fetus-jejuni bacterin: product directions
General Directions: Shake well before using. Administer 2 cc subcutaneously (under the skin) using clean technique.
Vaccination Schedule: 2 doses one month apart.
Campylobacter Fetus-jejuni Bacterin: Product Precautions
- Store at 35-45 F. Do not freeze.
- Use entire contents when first opened.
- Do not vaccinate within 21 days before slaughter.
- If signs of anaphylaxis occur, treat appropriately with epinephrine or equivalent.
- Efficacy of this product has been proven in commercial operations; however, response to any vaccine is dependent upon the environmental challenge and immune function of the animal.
- This product contains no antibiotics.
Safety and Supply
Extensive field trials have shown this product to be safe in all stages of lactation and gestation. No adverse systemic effects have been seen with this vaccine. A transient vaccine site reaction has been observed in some animals. This reaction consists of a mild, non-painful swelling of the skin at the injection site. Supplied: 125 and 50 dose vials.
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