Mass Spectrometer Articles & Analysis
110 articles found
In the intricate world of cellular biology, proteins are the undisputed workhorses. They are assembled based on a genetic blueprint, but their story doesn't end there. After synthesis, proteins undergo a vast array of chemical modifications known as post-translational modifications (PTMs). These changes act as molecular switches, fine-tuning a protein's function, localization, and stability. ...
Using specialized tools like antibodies that recognize the unique signature left after ubiquitin digestion (the "di-glycine remnant" or K-GG motif), scientists can selectively isolate ubiquitinated peptides from a cell lysate. Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS): This enriched sample is then analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This ...
Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) is a small, vitamin K-dependent extracellular matrix protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of vascular calcification and bone development. As a natural inhibitor of pathological mineralization, MGP has attracted significant attention in cardiovascular and skeletal biology research. The development of recombinant MGP protein has enabled researchers to study ...
The gold standard for Sterol Lipids Analysis is a combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS or GC-MS/MS). Chromatography (LC or GC): This first step acts like a molecular sorting system, separating the different sterol lipids from each other and from other molecules in the sample. Mass Spectrometry (MS): Once separated, the molecules are sent ...
Tissue cross-reactivity studies play an essential role in the understanding of immune responses, particularly in the context of autoimmunity, transplant rejection, and vaccine development. These studies aim to identify whether antibodies or T cells generated against a particular antigen react with similar proteins found in different tissues, which can lead to unintended effects and complications. ...
Recombinant protein expression is a cornerstone of modern biopharmaceutical development, providing the means to produce proteins with therapeutic potential, enzymes, and antibodies. Among various expression systems, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells have emerged as the preferred choice for many researchers and pharmaceutical companies. This article delves into the significance of recombinant ...
The Hidden Language of Glycans Imagine a vast molecular conversation happening within and between cells—where sugar-based structures act as sophisticated messengers carrying critical biological information. These complex carbohydrate structures, known as glycans, represent far more than simple decorative elements on proteins and lipids. They constitute an intricate "glycocode" that ...
Lipids, often simply thought of as fats, play a far more complex and vital role in our bodies than just energy storage. They are fundamental building blocks for cell membranes, crucial for nutrient absorption, and, significantly, the precursors to a powerful class of signaling molecules: steroid hormones. Understanding the deep connection between Lipid Metabolism and these hormones, along with ...
In recent years, the fight against cancer has seen significant advances, particularly with the emergence of targeted therapy. Among the most promising strategies in this domain is the development of radioactive drug conjugates(RDCs). These innovative therapeutic agents combine the targeting capabilities of antibodies with the cytotoxic effects of radioactive isotopes, providing a powerful ...
Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) represent a groundbreaking advancement in targeted cancer therapy, combining the specificity of antibodies with the potency of cytotoxic drugs. The development and production of ADCs are complex processes that require a deep understanding of both biology and chemistry, alongside cutting-edge technology. This article delves into the intricacies of ADC development ...
In the realm of drug discovery, the search for innovative therapies often leads to new paradigms. One such paradigm that has gained significant traction in recent years is the development of PROTAC (Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras) technology. This groundbreaking approach unlocks new potential in targeting previously “undruggable” proteins, paving the way for transformative therapies ...
Introduction Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) cell banks play a crucial role in the biopharmaceutical industry, serving as foundational repositories of cell lines used for the production of therapeutic biological products. Characterization of these cell banks is essential to ensure the safety, efficacy, and consistency of the biopharmaceuticals derived from them. This article will explore the ...
In the fast-evolving landscape of biotechnology and systems biology, understanding the dynamic processes that sustain life at a cellular level is crucial for advancing research and therapeutic applications. One essential approach to studying cellular metabolism is Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA), a powerful tool that reveals the intracellular activities and metabolic dynamics of living systems. ...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its reduced form (NADH) are essential coenzymes involved in a wide array of cellular metabolic processes. As critical mediators in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, NAD/NADH plays a pivotal role in energy production and cellular metabolism. Understanding and analyzing these biomolecules has become increasingly important in areas such as disease ...
Glucosinolates are important secondary metabolites found predominantly in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, and radish. These sulfur-containing compounds play a dual role in plant biology and human health, making them a fascinating subject of study in fields like agriculture, nutrition, and medicine. Their ability to protect plants from pests and diseases, along ...
Exosomes, small vesicles released by cells, play an increasingly prominent role in intercellular communication and disease modulation. These nano-sized particles contain a diverse array of molecular cargo, including proteins, lipids, RNA, and metabolites, which serve as biomarkers for a variety of physiological conditions. Exosome lipidomics and metabolomics are key fields that focus on profiling ...
Antibody drugs are a kind of drugs that treat diseases through artificially synthesized antibodies, achieving therapeutic purposes by specifically binding with target molecules. Common types of antibody drugs include monoclonal antibodies, artificially synthesized antibody fragments, immunotoxins, antibody-drug conjugates, etc. Antibody drugs have shown remarkable therapeutic effects in the ...
Introduction Microarray printing technology has revolutionized the field of genomics and proteomics, and its application in glycobiology is no exception. Glycobiology, the study of carbohydrates and their biological functions, relies heavily on the ability to analyze large-scale carbohydrate interactions. Microarray printing in glycobiology enables the precise and high-throughput analysis of ...
Recombinant protein vaccines are vaccines produced using genetic engineering technology. The principle is to clone one or several antigen genes of a pathogen into host cells, causing them to express the corresponding antigen protein. These proteins are then extracted for use in the vaccine. These vaccines can effectively stimulate the immune system to respond to specific pathogens, thereby ...
Collagen is a crucial structural protein, widely presenting in human skin, bones, tendons, ligaments, and other tissues. It's essential for maintaining the structural integrity and function of tissues. The measurement of collagen can help researchers and physicians understand the pathological process of related diseases (such as osteoporosis, arthritis, skin aging etc.), and also aid in drug ...