Pishtaz Teb Zaman Diagnostics products

Detection of specific anti-RUBELLA IgG corresponds to immunity against the virus. Diagnosis of RUBELLA infection during pregnancy is crucial. To diagnose RUBELLA infection reliably, two separate serum samples taken 10 days apart are used to demonstrate specific anti-RUBELLA IgG titer rising. Demonstration of specific anti-RUBELLA IgM antibody in an individual sample is the alternative serological technique for diagnosis of RUBELLA infection. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and ELISA are considered as standard techniques for the diagnosis of RUBELLA infection. Since HI method needs pretreatment to remove nonspecific inhibitors, ELISA method preferred mostly.

Alpha-Feto Protein (AFP) is a 70,000 kDa glycoprotein molecule which is closely related to human albumin both genetically and structurally. AFP is produced initially by the fetal yolk sac in small quantities and then in large quantities by the fetal liver as the yolk sac degenerates. The peak concentration in the fetal serum is approximately 3,000,000 ng / ml, and it is reached at this level within 9 weeks gestation. The concentration then declines steadily to about 20,000 ng / ml at the end of term.

Carcinoembroyonic antigen (CEA) is a 150300 kD glycoprotein molecule which has been found by Gold and Freedman at 1965 and it is also known as major component of CEA glycoprotein family. This family consists of 36 different glycoproteins with the common feature of close similarity of their structural domain to IgG heavy chain structure. Carbohydrate constitutes 45-55% of the CEA whole molecule and its polypeptide chain formed by 641 aminoacids.