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D-luciferin is a common substrate for Luciferase and is widely used throughout biotechnology, especially in vivo imaging Technology. The mechanism of action is that luciferin (substrate) can be oxidized to emit light in the presence of ATP and luciferase. When fluorescein is in excess, the quantum number of light produced is equal to Luciferase concentrations were positively correlated (see figure below). Plasmids carrying luciferase encoding gene (Luc) were transfected into cells and introduced into study animals such as rats and mice. 

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) is a polyanionic derivative of dextran produced by esterification of Dextran with chlorosulphonic acid. The sulfur content is approximately 17% which corresponds to an average of 1.9 sulfate groups per glucosyl residue of the dextran molecule. DSS has several characteristics: 1) polyanionic complex, soluble in water, forming a colorless aqueous solution; 2) high purity and good stability; 3) can be degraded naturally.

D-luciferin is a common substrate for Luciferase and is widely used throughout biotechnology, especially in vivo imaging technology.  The mechanism of action is that luciferin (the substrate) is oxidized to emit light in response to ATP and luciferase (see figure below). It`s produced when there`s too much luciferin The light quantum number was positively correlated with the concentration of luciferase. Plasmids carrying luciferase encoding gene (Luc) were transfected into cells and introduced into study animals such as rats and mice In vivo, fluorescein is then injected and changes in light intensity are detected using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to monitor disease progression or drug efficacy in real time and so on. ATP`s influence on the reaction system can also be used to indicate energy or vital signs according to changes in bioluminescence intensity.