in vitro study Articles
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TOWARDS IMPROVED MODELS FOR PREDICTING BIOCONCENTRATION OF WELL‐METABOLIZED COMPOUNDS BY RAINBOW TROUT USING MEASURED RATES OF IN VITRO INTRINSIC CLEARANCE
Models were developed to predict the bioconcentration of well‐metabolized chemicals by rainbow trout. The models employ intrinsic clearance data from in vitro studies with liver S9 fractions or isolated hepatocytes to estimate a liver clearance rate which is extrapolated to a whole‐body biotransformation rate constant (kMET). Estimated kMET values are then used as inputs to a mass‐balance ...
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Effect of heat treatment of nano-hydroxyapatite coatings prepared using electrohydrodynamic deposition
Electrohydrodynamic spraying has recently emerged as a powerful method of producing nano-structured hydroxyapatite (nHA) coatings for biomedical implants. To enhance the mechanical properties of these coatings, a subsequent heat treatment is normally needed. However, whether this process significantly influences the coated surface morphology and cellular responses still needs to be systematically ...
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Incorporation of montmorillonite nanoclay to acrylic bone cement: effect on mechanical properties and morphology
The principal mode of loosening of joint replacements is bone cement mantle failure, which is made worse with formation of microcracks under mechanical load. In this in vitro study the effect of incorporating montmorillonite nanoclay on the mechanical properties and morphology of bone cement was investigated. This study was conducted using a Design of Experiments (DOE) approach, which facilitated ...
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Microencapsulation of bacteriophage felix o1 into chitosan-alginate microspheres for oral delivery
This paper reports the development of microencapsulated bacteriophage Felix O1 for oral delivery using a chitosan-alginate-CaCl2 system. In vitro studies were used to determine the effects of simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and bile salts on the viability of free and encapsulated phage. Free phage Felix O1 was found to be extremely sensitive to acidic environments and was not detectable after a ...
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Pooled Human Cryopreserved Hepatocytes
Hepatocytes are the chief functional cells of the liver, responsible for the selective uptake, metabolism and excretion of most drugs. Cells for use in plate cultures or suspension assays represent a key tool for predicting properties such as hepatotoxicity, metabolism, and potential drug-drug interactions. Since these cells mimic the properties of the liver, researchers can evaluate the ...
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TBECH‐mediated steroid hormone receptor activation and gene regulation in chicken LMH cells
The incorporation of brominated flame retardants into industrial and household appliances has increased their occurrence in the environment resulting in deleterious effects on wildlife. With the increasing restraints on available compounds there has been a shift to using BFRs that has seen the production of alternative BFRs such as 1,2‐dibromo‐4‐(1,2 dibromoethyl) cyclohexane (TBECH). TBECH ...
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The role of chemical products at low doses in preventing the proliferation of bacteria in dental unit waterlines: the ICX® experience
In this study we evaluated (1) the efficacy of a protocol that combines hydrogen peroxide (shock treatment) and ICX® tablets (continuous treatment) for the control of microbial contamination in dental unit water lines, and (2) the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ICX® tablets on collection and wild strains isolated from dental chair output waters. To assess the treatment effectiveness, the ...
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Rab3D regulates a novel vesicular trafficking pathway that is required for osteoclastic bone resorption
Rab3 proteins are a subfamily of GTPases, known to mediate membrane transport in eukaryotic cells and play a role in exocytosis. Our data indicate that Rab3D is the major Rab3 species expressed in osteoclasts. To investigate the role of Rab3D in osteoclast physiology we examined the skeletal architecture of Rab3D-deficient mice and found an osteosclerotic phenotype. Although basal osteoclast ...
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Fabrication Of In-Vitro Phenotypically Stable Engineered Articular Cartilage
Researchers from IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli and Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IIT) used their REGENHU bioprinters to fabricate an in vitro phenotypically stable engineered articular cartilage by embedding human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hMSCs) in a cell-laden silk fibroin–gelatin (SF-G) bioink. The bioprinted constructs allowed the in vitro study of chondrogenic ...
By Regenhu
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Experimental flow visualization (PIV) results have been presented by Prof. Dominik Obrist during the Heart Valve Society (HVS) Meeting 2022
Shear-induced Thrombogenic Potential Of A Novel Tri-leaflet Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis Compared To A Bioprosthetic Valve And A Bi-leaflet Mechanical Valve: In-vitro Study Of Complex Flow Patterns And Turbulence Leonardo Pietrasanta, Dominik Obrist. University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. OBJECTIVE: Complex blood flow patterns and turbulence are principal determining factors for ...
By Novostia SA
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Increased insulin action in skip heterozygous knockout mice
Insulin controls glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism, and insulin impairment plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Human skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol polyphosphate phosphatase (SKIP) is a member of the phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate phosphatase family (T. Ijuin et al. J. Biol. Chem. 275:10870-10875, 2000; T. Ijuin and T. Takenawa, Mol. ...
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Protective effect of curcumin on γ-radiation-induced sister chromatid exchanges in human blood lymphocytes
The present work evaluates the radioprotective effect of curcumin on γ-radiation-induced genetic toxicity. The DNA damage was analysed by the frequencies of Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCEs). Human lymphocytes were treated in vitro with 5.0 γg/ml of curcumin for 30 min at 37°C then exposed to 1, 2 and 4 Gy γ-radiation. The lymphocytes were cultured in (RPMI) 1640 tissue culture medium and ...
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Modeling NAFLD using 3D bioprinted human liver tissue
Publication Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition that originates as lipid accumulation within hepatocytes (steatosis) and progresses into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. NAFLD is now recognized as the most common cause of chronic liver disease, with a prevalence of 25% ...
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How to Apply In Vitro DMPK Services to Support Drug Development and ADMET Study
Drug development is a complex and multifaceted process that involves extensive research and testing to ensure safety, efficacy and quality for human use. One critical element in the drug development process is drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK), which refers to how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) from the body. In vitro DMPK services, along with ...
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How to Apply In Vitro DMPK Services to Support Drug Development and ADMET Study
Drug development is a complex and multifaceted process that involves extensive research and testing to ensure safety, efficacy and quality for human use. One critical element in the drug development process is drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK), which refers to how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) from the body. In vitro DMPK services, along with ...
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Tissue explant co‐culture model of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal‐liver axis of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) as a predictive tool for endocrine disruption
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) can impact the reproductive system by interfering with the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis. While in vitro testing methods have been developed to screen chemicals for endocrine disruption, extrapolation of in vitro response to in vivo action shows inconsistent accuracy. We describe here our tissue co‐culture of the fathead minnow (Pimephales ...
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Modeling NAFLD using 3D bioprinted human liver tissue
Publication Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic condition that originates as lipid accumulation within hepatocytes (steatosis) and progresses into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. NAFLD is now recognized as the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the western world, with an ...
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Understanding the Importance of Preclinical Animal Models in Drug Development
In the world of pharmaceuticals, developing safe and effective drugs is a complex and time-consuming process. Before a new drug candidate can progress to clinical trials and ultimately reach the market, it needs to undergo rigorous testing in various model systems to assess its efficacy and safety. One critical component of this evaluation is the use of preclinical animal models. Preclinical ...
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Epigenomics: Opening the Black Box of Cancer
The epigenome is composed of chemical markers and proteins that can attach to DNA and direct the function of gene regulatory elements, controlling the production of proteins in specific cells, among other roles. Common epigenomic modifications include methylation of the nucleotide cytosine and histones or acetylation and phosphorylation of histones. All of these modifications do not change the ...
By CD Genomics
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Sildenafil citrate nanoemulsion vs. self-nanoemulsifying delivery systems: rational development and transdermal permeation
Sildenafil citrate (SC) is the first choice drug for erectile dysfunction. Nevertheless, drug oral delivery is hampered by some obstacles including first pass metabolism, numerous side effects, relatively short duration and long onset of action. Furthermore, drug delivery formulation and transdermal application of SC is challenged by its amphoteric nature, low oil and water solubility, ...
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